Individuals tend to think that their attributes and traits are more uncommon and rare than they actually are. A. internal Giving priority to the goals of one's group, such as one's family or workplace, and defining one's identity accordingly is called: When we accommodate and adjust to personal injuries, romantic breakups, and exam failures, we cope more readily than we would expect. Knowing what you do about individualism and collectivism, you can conclude that your neighbor is likely to be a political: Barbara was really shocked when her candidate was not elected. Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. A. no different from those with low self-esteem When actually asked such questions, women more often experienced: What is the false uniqueness effect quizlet? B. D. popular song lyrics today are more likely to use "we" and "us" than 20 years ago, D. popular song lyrics today are more likely to use "we" and "us" than 20 years ago, Persons from western cultures (e.g., America, England), relative to persons from eastern cultures (e.g., China, Korea), tend to: This is an example of: C. average Suppose that Dorothy and Tim are out to lunch together, and both are on restricted-calorie diets. A. failure and distance ourselves from success. More conformity is observed from a person that is of lesser status than the other group members. C. raise the standards by which we evaluate our own attainments She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. D. zero, Self-monitoring is: Psychology questions and answers. B. more negatively [3] A. he is self-handicapping What is the difference between social psychology and sociology? A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action C. large, selective university The false uniqueness effect is: These shortcuts are known as. B. raise; increase How does the mode of responding impact conformity? D. punishment and distance ourselves from rewards. Coin tossing is a guessing game or by luck to see which comes up, heads or ta Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards; Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card; audio not yet available for this language. C. high It is sometimes argued that excess cash held by a firm can aggravate agency problems (as discussed before) and, more generally, reduce incentives for shareholder wealth maximization. By choosing (b), people are engaging in, The Stroop test can be thought of as a demonstration of. bt sport motogp commentators 2021. 16 ce tv Paul commutes to and from work each day. D. internal locus of control; self-concept, In the U.S., those living in Hawaii and the deep South exhibit more _______ than those living in the Mountain West states. A. chance; skill What concept did Milgram's Electric Shock study test? This shows our desire to gain the approval of and to avoid the disapproval of other people. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Normative social influence is to seeking _____ as informational social influence is to seeking _____. B. collectivists; individualists B. family situation At the end of each paragraph, he stops and asks himself what the paragraph was about. In order to feel good about ourselves, we . A. strong persuasion One explanation for the false consensus effect is that people use their own attitudes and behaviors as "anchors" for predicting others' attitudes and behaviors. A. specific; truthful B. he is demonstrating false modesty characteristics and abilities. C. individuality The False Uniqueness Effect suggests that we are not so accurate after all. What percent of women in Western countries change their last names to adopt their husbands last name when they marry? Social psychology is interested in how the group affects the individual and vice-versa. She makes $2000 from one of these investments, but loses $3000 on the other one. This pattern is known as, Reducing errors and biasing by getting people to use controlled rather than automatic processing is called, {"cdnAssetsUrl":"","site_dot_caption":"Cram.com","premium_user":false,"premium_set":false,"payreferer":"clone_set","payreferer_set_title":"PSY330 - Chapter 5","payreferer_url":"\/flashcards\/copy\/psy330-chapter-5-3854445","isGuest":true,"ga_id":"UA-272909-1","facebook":{"clientId":"363499237066029","version":"v12.0","language":"en_US"}}. A. have more interdependent selves In Exercises 282828 through 353535, use a Taylor polynomial of specified degree nnn to approximate the indicated quantity. the tendency. We'll bring you back here when you are done. The false consensus effect, or consensus bias, is the social psychological finding that people tend to assume that others agree with them. Suppose that you meet someone who is smart, adventurous, and highly knowledgeable about rockets and outer space. Who is likely to be more disappointed? D. general; inflated, Saying "I earned an A on my psychology test" versus "My instructor gave me a C on my psychology test" exemplifies how we associate ourselves with: C. worse about their appearance while speaking C. average This is because many of them were extremely poor, did not own cars or phones, and did not have friends or family nearby; it was virtually impossible for them to evacuate the hurricane area when they heard the hurricane warnings. A. self-schemas 90%; 41% D. headlight effect, Greenberg (2008) argues that, to manage their fear of death and feel that their lives are not in vain, people seek to pursue self-esteem by meeting the standards of their society. D. social roles, Doug explained his "A" in biology as being the result of hard work and intelligence. D. you can't change implicit attitudes once they are formed, Our sense of self-worth is also called our: However, some people who saw media reports on the hurricane victims did not understand this. When most people think of the concept "sleeping," they also tend to think about concepts like "dreaming," "being tired," and "yawning." it is more likely they will win the next hand than it actually is. Your (false) assumption that Vlad is an athlete is MOST clearly an example of: Suppose that Mr. Yipol gives 100 students a reading exam. mate, we observe the false consensus effect. magical thinking. B. the corpus collosum A. high self-esteem The researchers found that. A. self-reference A. narcissists have higher IQs counterfactual thinking. He's afraid of being unemployed and alone. their undesirable characteristics, their desirable characteristics, The ultimate attribution error refers to the tendency for people to make internal attributions to explain, When people want to suppress a thought, the conscious mind works to. A. individualistic Which of the following statements is true about the false uniqueness effect? You and a friend are visiting a new city and would like to splurge and go out for a fine meal. You flip a coin ten times in a row. D. high; low. D. it helps to buffer stress, B. it makes us feel less vulnerable to risks such as AIDS, Saying "I earned an A on my psychology test" versus "My instructor gave me a C on my psychology test" exemplifies how we associate ourselves with: Agreeing to a request is to _____ as obeying a command . A. raise; decrease Sociology is interested in how the group behaves and how groups interact with each other and society. C. self-esteem She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. Even though Vlad never actually exercises, you have always assumed that he is an athlete because he hangs around at the gym (like other athletes), drinks bottled water nonstop, and wears sweat suits everywhere. C. the self-serving bias. B)Turning down the opportunity to help out at the local homeless shelter. If one person is "different" somehow, it allows other people to avoid conforming. That is, when they think about "sleeping," related concepts are __________. What the researchers found was that fans of the two teams literally "saw" different games; things that were deemed "out" by fans of one team, for example, were deemed "in" by fans of the other. Why? C. the right hemisphere If you made an internal, unstable attribution for Roger's promotion, then you might think to yourself, "Roger probably worked really hard to get that promotion!". In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, many people were stranded without access to food, shelter, or other resources. Add to folder How does the "That's-not-all" compliance technique work? This common misconception stems most directly from, People who think they have a hot hand after winning five poker hands in a row tend to think that. -People use themselves as an "anchor" when judging others. A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action. A. personality B. you can predict the fate of your relationships but not your behaviors While it might well be the case that the reading program actually negatively impacted the students' reading ability, Mr. Yipol would be wise to consider that the decrease could be due to __________. The opposite of a cognitive miser would be someone who. Please upgrade to Cram Premium to create hundreds of folders! Fundamental attribution error is made when observers overestimate internal dispositional influences and underestimate external situation influences upon other's behavior. They tend to guide our behavior when the attitudes are ones that we feel strongly about, when we are consciously aware of our attitudes, and when outside influences on our behavior are not strong. What is an example of impact bias? B. low self-esteem Suppose that you have a certain idea about what a tropical island should be like: It should be a tourist destination, have palm trees, enjoy a warm climate, and contain plenty of bars that serve cocktails with paper umbrellas. A. self-handicapping This cognitive bias tells us that our "sense" is common sense and that differing opinions are "abnormal.". D. genetics, The truth concerning self-efficacy encourages us not to resign ourselves to bad situations. This could be an example of: This bias is often measured by looking at the difference between estimates that people make about how many of their peers share a certain trait or behaviour and the actual . _____ what others think about your nervousness. When you go to a restaurant, you know that there is a certain sequence of things that you need to do: (a) wait to be seated, (b) order, (c) eat, and then (d) pay. She is convinced that everyone knows it was her. the tendencey to overestimate the commonality of one's opinions and one's undesirable or unsuccessful behaviors. Recently, Krueger and Clement (1997; see also Krueger, 1998) argued that the simple assumption that all respondents believe they are in the majority, regardless of true major-ity status, can account for both the false consensus effect and the uniqueness bias. the tendency. She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. What differentiates a narcissist from someone high in self-esteem? D. knowing others better than we know ourselves, In what type of culture would a threat to our personal identity (such as having someone tell us we are dumb or weird) cause us to be more upset than a threat to our collective identity (such as having someone ridicule students)? Attribution theory is MOST concerned with, The paradoxical effects of thought suppression have been linked to psychological disorders such as. Attitudes are evaluative reactions toward things, events, and other people. Milgram's Electric Shock study tests the concept of obedience. Explain Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory. -overestimate the degree to which others share their attitudes and opinions. If we persist despite initial failures: E-communication, or electronic communication, refers to the transfer of writing, signals, data, sounds, images, signs or intelligence sent via an electronic device. C. the competitor as disadvantaged in comparison to us D. undecided, _______ is defined as the beliefs about the self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information. -internal and unstable, external and unstable, The so-called "Sports Illustrated jinx"the tendency for athletes to experience a dip in performance directly after appearing on the cover of Sports Illustratedcan be BEST explained by. D. lower the standards by which we evaluate our own attainments, C. raise the standards by which we evaluate our own attainments, A study by Gilovich, Medvec, and Savitsky (2000) had undergraduate students enter a room wearing Barry Manilow T-shirts. Later, his fianc tells him that her parents were unimpressed with him. Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory proposes that people change their attitudes to reduce the cognitive discomfort created by inconsistencies between their attitudes and their behavior. the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors. Encouraging people to rely more on their memories. D. the self-handicapping effect. She figured it would only take two days to write the paper so she did not start it until two days before it was due. D. no one is, You overhear a neighbor say that she believes gay marriage should be illegal and she favors tax cuts for the wealthy. She is just beginning to understand concepts such as "dog," "cat," "chair," and "sofa," and to understand how these concepts differ from one another. B. C. self-schema D. feared possible selves; hoped-for possible selves, Jack is very nervous about meeting his future in-laws for the first time. C. self-serving bias Cram has partnered with the National Tutoring Association. B. education A. individual achievement. D. individualism, Doug explained his "A" in biology as being the result of hard work and intelligence. It Affects Future Purchases: When you are planning to take a car. Zimbardo's study shows that even emotionally stable, normal young educated people are vulnerable to the power of the situation roles (police, prison guard). B. success and distance ourselves from failure Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Touch is the most functional sense at birth. B. self-concept But Mr. Y thinks that George W. only became president because he was "in the right place at the right time," and had good luck. Also, participants were told either (a) that the essay-writer got to choose which side to take (pro- or anti-), or (b) that the essay-writer was ASSIGNED to one side or the other. A. individualism When she goes to college, she meets a Hispanic student. D. we can't explain that bad things happen to good people, A. effort and fewer self-doubts will help us succeed, John is nervous about his tennis match, but he still stays out late instead of getting a good night's sleep the night before the match. D. remains constant. C. we can overcome anything In a recent study, Gentile et al. Is the last flip more likely to be heads, more likely to be tails, or equally likely to be heads or tails? Our family and friends are more likely to be similar to us and share many of the same beliefs and behaviors. D. lower; increase, People with high self-esteem and narcissism are _____. Fifth, false consensus is in line with a Bayesian analysis that assumes a uniform prior distribution and one's own view as the only evidence (Dawes & Mulford, 1996). Psychologists have often attributed the false-consensus effect to a desire to view one's thoughts as appropriate, normal, and correct, and a plethora of experimental evidence has supported the phenomenon. Yogurt that is "low fat" can be described as "95% fat free" or as "5% fatty." C. underestimating B. increases Please select the correct language below. He suggested that most people explain everyday events in terms of either __________ or __________. Write two or more paragraphs about ways older consumers can protect themselves from sellers who are not fair and honest. In this study, participants were asked to read an essay that was supposedly written by another student. Thus, people tend to think that they see a lesbian-AIDS relationship when in fact there is no such relationship. A. social rank C. moderate Meanwhile, Jim thought the book was witty and provocative, and he seems to think that the reviewer shares HIS views. Research indicates that __________ engage in counterfactual thinking; and that __________ engage in meta-cognition. C. focused on having positive relationships Definition. Because our central aim was to The False Consensus Effect is a tendency to overestimate how much people agree with us. It shows that ordinary people are likely to follow orders given by an authority figure, even to the extent of killing an innocent human being. , _____ is the gradual increase in skills and . B. audience effect She assumes that the students will stare at her and comment on her hair color. I would have gotten an A+ too. How does the fundamental attribution error (FAE) differ from the actor-observer effect (AOE)? Every single time it comes up heads. What might this disciple be thinking? The three factors that impact conformity are unanimity of the group, mode of responding, and status of group members. A. a self-fulfilling prophecy . Brian's thinking most clearly reflects A. the false uniqueness effect. One's _____ makes up his/her _____. C. the self-deprecating bias In Asch's study, the correct answer/behavior was obvious and when making such judgments alone, almost no mistakes were made. A. self-esteem The first 19 flips are all heads. The tendency for people take credit for their successes but deny blame for their failures is known as. In a famous early study in social psychology, fans of two rival football teams were asked to watch footage of an actual game that was very close. D. social relationships help to define our self. D. we can't explain that bad things happen to good people, A. effort and fewer self doubts will help us succeed, A sense that one is competent and effective refers to one's: Jacob is taking his psych test. The false consensus effect is the tendency to overestimate the commonality of one's opinions and unsuccessful behaviors. Research indicates that people are especially likely to engage in the false consensus effect when it comes to __________, and especially likely to engage in the false uniqueness effect when it comes to __________. It makes you feel better to see how you did in comparison to other students. B. collectivists; individualists Andrew's belief demonstrates: Images of what we dream of or dread becoming in the future are called our: According to the self-serving bias, we tend to attribute our successes to _______ and our losses to _______. )names which are in all cases written in "non-matching" colors of ink (e.g., the word "green" might be written in red ink, while the word "red" might be written in yellow ink)and to identify, as quickly as possible, the color in which each word is written. why people tend to overestimate the degree to which members of minority groups engage in criminal behaviors. B. negatively Economics chapter 2 section 1 assessment quizlet 2 The. She had assumed that everyone felt as she did and supported her candidate's ideas. B. our surrounding culture Joe takes on his sister's view that all people from "up north" are snobs. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. This is the False Uniqueness Definition that is shared across psychological research. Giving priority to one's own goals over group goals, and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications is the definition of: Carmen's underestimation of how long it would take her to complete her paper is an example of: B. low self-esteem Research indicates that the topic people think about MOST is. What did the "Astroten" study demonstrate? Juanita's answer describes her: Marshabecause of the simulation heuristic, Suppose that you are a landlord for an apartment building, and one of your tenants, Gus, has just paid his rent with a "bad check" (i.e., you tried to deposit his rent check in the bank, but the check "bounced" and was returned to you). C. defensive pessimism This is an example of: Kitayama and Markus (2000) found that, for American students, happiness comes from feeling: Andrew believes that he did well on his Social Psychology test because he studied a lot and is a good student. -interrupt the experimenter to get instructions. This is an example of, When William James spoke of "wakening the associations," he was referring to, According to a study in Europe, women who take their husbands name tend to earn about __ as much as women who keep their birth name, Research on the anchoring and adjustment heuristic indicates that.
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